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Cyber Threats to Water Supply: Survival in the Digital Age

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Imagine the unsettling silence that would greet you one morning when you turn on your faucet and instead of the familiar gush of water, there’s nothing. While this may seem like a dystopian scenario, it’s a reality that’s becoming increasingly plausible. On March 18, 2024, the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) issued a stark warning to the Governors of every state. The message was ominous: “cyberattacks from foreign actors threatens the safety and stability of our nation’s water infrastructure.”

These attacks are not just hypothetical threats, they are already happening, endangering the safety and well-being of millions. As we progress into the future, safeguarding our water will become critically important.

The rise in cyber threats against water and wastewater systems is alarming, fueled by sophisticated actors aiming to exploit any vulnerability. Recent incidents have shed light on these threats, with actors associated with the Iranian Government’s Islamic Revolutionary Guard Corps and the People’s Republic of China’s state-sponsored cyber group, Volt Typhoon, targeting U.S. critical infrastructure. These attacks are not random but are meticulously planned to disrupt essential services and gain political, economic, or strategic advantage.

The letter from the EPA highlights a specific vulnerability, the Unitronics programmable logic controller (PLC), which was found to be exploitable in November of 2023. PLC’s are instrumental in monitoring various stages of water and wastewater treatment, controlling pumps to fill tanks and reservoirs, and sounding critical alarms to operations.

The susceptibility of water systems to cyberattacks is particularly worrisome given their vital role in public health and safety. Complicating matters further, many water utilities are constrained by limited resources and technical capacity, making them prime targets for cybercriminals. The EPA, in conjunction with the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA), has emphasized the pressing need for enhanced cybersecurity practices within the municipal water sector.

Clean water is essential for drinking, cooking, and hygiene, directly affecting our ability to maintain good health and prevent diseases. Waterborne pathogens can cause severe illnesses and outbreaks, highlighting the need for protective measures against any form of contamination, including those resulting from cyber-induced failures.

Water is not just a critical asset for individual survival, but it also fuels the economic engine of communities and countries. Industries from agriculture to manufacturing, energy production to pharmaceuticals, heavily rely on a consistent supply of clean water. A disruption in water services due to cyberattacks can trigger a domino effect, stopping production lines, impacting food supply, and causing substantial economic losses.

The Centers For Disease Control and Prevention (CDC) suggests several strategies to prepare for potential disruptions in municipal water supply:

“Make water safe. Even if a water from a municipal source becomes contaminated, there are ways an the individual citizen can take steps to ensure it is safe to consume or use. This includes, boiling, disinfecting, and filtering.”

The CDC also provides a few handy reference sheets, “Make Water Safe During an Emergency” and “Use Safe Water During an Emergency,” to print out and keep in case internet access is unavailable.

“Create and store an emergency water supply. The CDC suggests that keeping an ample supply of commercially produced bottled water is the safest way to make sure your water is uncontaminated.”

When it comes to quantity, the recommended amount is one gallon, per person, per day, for a minimum of three days. More water is needed if a member of the household is pregnant, sick, or if you are residing in a hot climate. It is also recommended to try storing as much as two weeks worth, eleven days beyond the minimum.

“Find other sources of water. If you’re caught unprepared, there are other ways obtaining water. Some of these sources include: Pools and spas (for hygiene, not consumption).”

The security of our nation’s water systems is not just a matter of smoothly running infrastructure, it affects public health, safety, and national security. As we navigate the complexities of the digital age, we must remain vigilant and proactive in protecting these essential resources from cyber threats. That being said, we must also ensure that we are prepared on an individual level to do without when our protective measures fail.

Our Thoughts

This unsettling reality underscores the urgency of crafting robust defenses against cyber threats, not only from a national security perspective but for the assurance of our basic survival. Water, in its essence, is life. Any disruption to its supply, especially through a malicious cyberattack, is a direct threat to our existence.

The sophistication of these attacks is alarming, exposing the vulnerabilities of our critical infrastructure. It’s high time we address this issue with the seriousness it deserves. A reactive approach will simply not suffice; we must be proactive and anticipate these threats before they manifest.

The highlighted susceptibility of PLCs, which play a vital role in our water infrastructure, is particularly troubling. It’s a glaring chink in our armor that needs immediate attention.

The constraints faced by water utilities in terms of resources and technical capacity further compound the problem. However, these limitations should not be an excuse for inaction but rather a catalyst for innovation and collaboration.

The CDC’s recommendations are a good starting point for individual preparedness. However, they should not be our only line of defense. We must foster a culture of awareness and preparedness, where each citizen understands their role in safeguarding our water supply.

The ripple effects of a water supply disruption, from health crises to economic losses, are a stark reminder of the interconnectedness of our world. Our survival and prosperity are hinged on the security of our water systems, and we must do everything in our power to protect them.

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Master Gunfight Survival with Army Vet’s Training Tips

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Every rifle gunfight begins in the same way: a shooter lifts the gun from a ready position, aims, deactivates the safety, and fires the first shot. While this may seem elementary to seasoned shooters, Bob Keller, owner of Gamut Resolutions and a U.S. Army Special Operations veteran, insists that this basic ready-up drill is the bedrock of all other training.

“The boring stuff is critical,” Keller asserts. “Ready-up is a 100-percent guarantee in every fight. Everything else is a maybe.”

Keller’s words carry weight. With over two decades in special operations, he has been involved in more than 1,000 real-world direct-action hits and over 400 engagements. Today, he uses this experience to train American citizens on how to survive real gunfights through his company, Gamut Resolutions.

Keller emphasizes the importance of accuracy over speed in the ready-up drill. The goal time is not slow, however: 0.5 seconds to hit a 3-inch circle at 10 yards. He also reminds trainees that the drill doesn’t end when the shot breaks; always be prepared to shoot again and avoid reactivating the safety too soon. If the gun goes empty, the reflex should be to reload immediately and get back on target.

Keller’s experience also provides insight into the reality of reloads in gunfights.

“I’ve gone to bolt lock one time in combat. I only remember two other dudes I saw do it in a fight,” he shares. As such, he advises trainees to treat emergency reloads as malfunctions and to perform a combat reload whenever possible.

In his training, Keller also emphasizes the importance of shooting from the support side, a skill essential for working around cover. He encourages trainees to practice this until they are confident in their ability to use it when their life depends on it.

Keller doesn’t spend time teaching prone or kneeling techniques, arguing that they are rarely useful in real-life scenarios. Instead, he advocates for standing and moving while returning fire, which provides a clear view of targets and allows for mobility.

The second day of training begins with a skill assessment with pistols at 25 yards. Keller explains that there’s no warmup before a gunfight, so there’s no warmup in his training either.

“There is no multi-step draw process in a gunfight. It’s one smooth motion,” Keller instructs. The training also includes immediate action drills, reloads, and shooting one-handed from either side, a challenging but necessary skill due to the high likelihood of sustaining an injury in a gunfight.

The training culminates with carbine-to-pistol transitions. Keller advises against switching to a pistol unless absolutely necessary, recommending an immediate action tap-rack to clear a malfunction first.

The Gamut Resolutions pistol and carbine class is demanding, but it serves as a stark reminder that surviving a real gunfight requires a high level of practice and proficiency.

Keller’s final advice is clear: “You must know you’re the most badass motherf*cker out there.”

Keller offers classes throughout the United States and has created The Gamut Challenge, a two-day event consisting of 16 different shooting scenarios plus over 20 miles of running or rucking. For more information, visit gamutresolutions.com.

Our Thoughts

Bob Keller’s assertion that the basics are the bedrock of all training cannot be overstated. The ready-up drill, as mundane as it may seem, is indeed a constant in every gunfight scenario. It’s a stark reminder that in survival, the fundamentals are paramount.

Keller’s emphasis on accuracy over speed in the ready-up drill is a valuable lesson. It’s not about being the fastest, but the most accurate. The stress on being prepared to shoot again and avoid premature safety reactivation also speaks volumes about the realities of gunfights.

The insight Keller provides on reloads is invaluable. His advice to treat emergency reloads as malfunctions and to perform a combat reload whenever possible is practical and grounded in real-world experience.

His emphasis on shooting from the support side and standing and moving while returning fire is a crucial lesson. These skills lend to the unpredictability and dynamism of real-life scenarios.

Keller’s no-warmup approach to training is a stark reminder that real-life encounters offer no such luxury. His one smooth motion philosophy underscores the need for fluidity and effortless transitions in potentially life-threatening situations.

The rigorous training offered by Gamut Resolutions is a testament to the level of proficiency required to survive a real gunfight. Keller’s final advice encapsulates the mindset needed for survival: confidence in one’s abilities and an unwavering belief in oneself.

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Rep. Mace’s Capitol Encounter Sparks Controversy and Legal Battle

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James McIntyre, a 33-year-old from Illinois, has pleaded not guilty to a misdemeanor assault charge following an incident involving Rep. Nancy Mace on Capitol grounds. The alleged encounter occurred on a Tuesday night, leading to McIntyre’s arrest for reportedly assaulting a government official.

The incident unfolded when McIntyre approached Rep. Mace and offered to shake her hand. According to a police affidavit, two witnesses observed the interaction and described McIntyre as a man in his forties. When Mace extended her hand, McIntyre allegedly clasped it with both hands and “shook her arm up and down in an exaggerated, aggressive hand shaking motion.”

Witnesses managed to identify McIntyre through an internet posting, providing his name and photo to the U.S. Capitol Police. Mace corroborated the witnesses’ accounts, stating that she attempted to withdraw her hand but was unable to do so. She reported feeling intimidated and experienced pain in her wrist, arm, and shoulder following the encounter.

During the aggressive handshake, McIntyre reportedly stated, “Trans youth deserve advocacy.” Mace refrained from responding during the incident, later expressing her shock and discomfort.

After the event, Mace took to social media to inform her followers of the situation.
“I was physically accosted tonight on Capitol grounds over my fight to protect women. Capitol police have arrested him,” Mace shared in a post on X. “All the violence and threats keep proving our point. Women deserve to be safe. Your threats will not stop my fight for women!”

She continued to discuss the incident on social media, revealing in one post that she had spoken with President-elect Trump.
“Thank you, Mr. President, for checking in on me and standing up for women,” Mace wrote. “We cannot wait to see you back in the White House.”

In another post, she shared an image of herself with her arm in a sling, highlighting the physical impact of the encounter.

The incident comes amidst Mace’s outspoken opposition to transgender individuals using bathrooms that do not align with their biological gender. She has been particularly vocal against Rep.-elect Sarah McBride, a Democrat from Delaware, using the women’s restrooms on Capitol Hill.

Mace has reported receiving death threats and feels she is being “unfairly targeted” for her stance. Her proposed resolution, H.R. 1579, aims to restrict bathroom use in the House to facilities matching one’s biological sex.

Following McIntyre’s arraignment in the Superior Court of the District of Columbia, a magistrate judge ordered his release. Meanwhile, Mace’s office has not provided an update on her condition.


How should incidents involving the safety of government officials influence discussions on personal safety and gun ownership rights?

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Unseen Advantage: Law Enforcement’s Rapid Adoption of Optics

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In the world of law enforcement and survival, the ability to quickly and accurately assess a situation can make all the difference. This is why the rapid adoption of optics by law enforcement agencies is hardly surprising. These tools provide a wealth of visual information, aiding in making more informed decisions. A key factor in the selection of these optics is the window size, but it seems that co-witness sights, which can sometimes occupy half of the entire optic window, often don’t receive the attention they deserve.

“Without question, the speed with which LE agencies have adopted optics is testament to the advantage they offer: more visual information that yields better decisions.”

Interestingly, suppressor height sights are frequently paired with optics. To comprehend why this particular sight remains a popular choice when selecting co-witnessing sights, we must journey back in time. Around 2009, shooters, both professional and non-professional, began to repurpose a solution initially designed for Close Quarters Battle (CQB) rifle work for use on pistols.

The Trijicon RMR, a compact electronic optic, was a welcome alternative to the larger optics typically seen on competition pistols. Its smaller size offered more holster options, less likelihood of snagging in the field, and a more robust window and housing. As a result, it addressed many of the issues raised by professional users, leading to a shift towards an optics sighting solution within the firearms community.

“The smaller footprint meant more holster options, less to get caught on while in the field, and a less delicate window and housing.”

This shift was spearheaded by individuals in the military, law enforcement, defensive firearms instruction, and competition professionals. With the introduction of these optics, performance improved, and new shooters were able to develop accuracy and speed more quickly. The instinctual focal plane response to stress, which previously had to be trained out, could now be utilized as an asset by Firearms Instructors working with students who had optics on their pistols.

“Performance increased, accuracy and speed developed sooner with new shooters, the intuitive and instinctual focal plane response to stress no longer needed to be trained out—and instead, the threat-focus could now be an asset used by Firearms Instructors working with students who had optics on their pistols.”

As the popularity of optics grew, the aftermarket and firearms manufacturers responded by supporting this “new” sighting system. However, one critical component of the system was often overlooked: the back-up sights. This oversight highlights the need for a comprehensive approach to firearm optics, one that considers all elements of the sighting system to ensure optimal performance and safety.

Our Thoughts

The adoption of optics in law enforcement is a testament to the technology’s effectiveness. It’s no surprise that tools that enhance visual information, thus enabling better decision-making, have become a staple in the arsenal of law enforcement agencies.

The rise of the Trijicon RMR is particularly noteworthy. Its compact size and robust design addressed many of the practical concerns of professional users, leading to a broader acceptance of optics as a sighting solution.

The benefits of these optics extend beyond their practicality. They have brought about a shift in the training of new shooters, turning the instinctual focal plane response to stress into an asset rather than a hurdle to overcome. This has undoubtedly contributed to the improved performance observed among new shooters.

However, the focus on the main optic often results in the neglect of back-up sights. This is a reminder that a comprehensive approach to firearm optics is necessary to ensure optimal performance and safety. After all, a tool is only as good as the system supporting it.

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