Preparedness
Master Tarp Shelters Boost Wilderness Survival Skills
For those who thrive in the wilderness, a tarp can be an indispensable piece of gear. Its versatility makes it a preferred choice over a traditional tent for many bushcrafters and backpackers. A well-constructed tarp shelter not only keeps you dry but also helps conserve heat and provides a sense of security. Plus, it’s often lighter and easier to pack than a tent.
When selecting a tarp, consider its weight, durability, and whether it’s draft-proof and waterproof. Tarps come in various sizes, colors, and prices, ranging from under $20 to over $500 for custom options. A square tarp measuring 10’x10′ (or 3 meters x 3 meters) is a common choice. While polypropylene tarps are an option, they tend to be noisy and stiff. A tarp from a brand like DD Hammocks, which includes center tie-out points, offers more versatility and is priced well under $100.
Creating a tarp shelter is straightforward, with numerous patterns available to suit different needs. Before setting up, consider the location carefully. The wind direction is crucial; otherwise, your shelter might take flight. Ensure the ground is comfortable, free of sharp rocks, and ideally, with a slight slope for water runoff. If no natural slope exists, digging trenches for drainage is advisable. The size and stability of your shelter should match its intended purpose and expected weather conditions.
One of the simplest shelters to construct is the A-frame. This involves stringing a paracord between two trees, draping the tarp over it, and staking it down. The resulting structure provides a ten-foot-long living area, 8.6 feet wide and 2.5 feet tall. It offers good rain and snow runoff and wind deflection. However, it lacks a floor, and if the paracord isn’t tight enough, the tarp may sag.
“The pros to this style of shelter is it is quick and easy to set up and allows for air flow which is important in warm weather.” However, it doesn’t provide as much protection from the elements as the Plough Point or Diamond Fly shelter.
The Plough Point shelter is suitable for two people and requires securing a paracord to a tree and the ground, with the tarp draped diagonally. The paracord’s length and angle affect the shelter’s headroom and width. “You want that center ridgeline to be as taut as possible without damaging the tarp and for it to be facing into the wind.” Adjusting the ridgeline height affects the shelter’s openness, but lowering it below head height limits standing room.
The downside of this design is the absence of a floor and flaps, which means it won’t protect against shifting winds.
Similar to the Plough Point, the Adirondack shelter uses a diamond-shaped tarp and requires a ridgeline between two trees or poles. A 10′ x 10′ tarp creates an Adirondack with 45° walls, 5 feet high, and a floor space of 5 x 7.071 feet. While constructing it isn’t overly complex, explaining it in writing can be challenging.
“Once you are confident in building these three simple shelters you can move on to more complicated shelters or modifications of these that best suit your environment and needs.” When it’s time to pack up, there’s a quick method to fold your tarp neatly in one move.
Mastering these basic tarp shelters allows you to adapt to various environments and conditions, enhancing your wilderness survival skills.
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